Laravel中間件

php artisan make:middleware <middleware-name> 

使用你的中間件名稱替換<middleware-name>。創建可以看到中間件在 app/Http/Middleware 目錄。

示例

php artisan make:middleware AgeMiddleware

第3步 − AgeMiddlware 會在 app/Http/Middleware 檔中創建。新創建的檔將自動創建下麵代碼：

<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class AgeMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
      return $next($request);
   }
}

註冊中間件

• 全局中間件
• 路由中間件

全局中間件將在應用程式的每個HTTP請求運行，而路由中間件將被分配到一個特定的路由。中間件可在 app/Http/Kernel.php 註冊. 
該檔包含兩個屬性： $middleware 和 $routeMiddleware。$middleware 屬性用於註冊全局中間件，$routeMiddleware屬性用於註冊路由指定中間件。

protected $middleware = [
   \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
   \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
   \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
   \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
   \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
   \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
];

protected $routeMiddleware = [
   'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
   'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
   'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
];

示例

我們已經在前面的例子中已創建 AgeMiddleware 中間件。 現在，我們可以在具體的路由中間件屬性登記。註冊代碼如下所示。

<?php
namespace App\Http;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;

class Kernel extends HttpKernel {
   protected $middleware = [
      \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
      \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
      \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
      \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
      \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
      \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
   ];

   protected $routeMiddleware = [
      'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
      'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
      'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
      'Age' => \App\Http\Middlware\AgeMiddleware::class,
   ];
}

中間件參數

我們也可以傳遞中間件參數。例如，如果您的應用程式有不同角色，如用戶，管理員，超級管理員等，並且要驗證基於角色的動作，這可以通過參數傳遞中間件來實現。我們創建的中間件包含以下功能，我們可以通過 $next 參數之後，自定義參數。

public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
   return $next($request);
}

示例

php artisan make:middleware RoleMiddleware

第3步  − 添加以下代碼到新創建的角色中間件的處理方法 - app/Http/Middleware/RoleMiddleware.php.

<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class RoleMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role) {
      echo "Role: ".$role;
      return $next($request);
   }
}

第4步  − 在 app\Http\Kernel.php 檔中註冊角色中間件。 加入灰色突出的線條的是在該檔中註冊 RoleMiddleware 中間件。

php artisan make:controller TestController

app/Http/TestController.php

<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class TestController extends Controller {
   public function index(){
      echo "<br>Test Controller.";
   }
}

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('role',[
   'middleware' => 'Role:editor',
   'uses' => 'TestController@index',
]);

http://localhost:8000/role

可終止的中間件

回應已經發送給流覽器後可終止中間件執行一些任務。這可以通過使用創建中間件“終止”方法的中間件來實現。可終止中間件會註冊全局中間件。該終止方法將接受兩個參數：$request 和 $response。終止方法可以被創建，如在下面顯示的代碼。

示例

php artisan make:middleware TerminateMiddleware

第3步 - 複製下麵的代碼到新創建檔 - TerminateMiddleware 在 app/Http/Middleware/TerminateMiddleware.php 檔中如下：

<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;

class TerminateMiddleware {
   public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
      echo "Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware.";
      return $next($request);
   }

   public function terminate($request, $response){
      echo "<br>Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware.";
   }
}

第4步  − 註冊 TerminateMiddleware 到 app\Http\Kernel.php 檔中.

加了灰色突出的線條的是該檔中註冊的 TerminateMiddleware 中間件。

php artisan make:controller ABCController

app/Http/ABCController.php

<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class ABCController extends Controller {
   public function index(){
      echo "<br>ABC Controller.";
   }
}

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('terminate',[
   'middleware' => 'terminate',
   'uses' => 'ABCController@index',
]);

http://localhost:8000/terminate

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