在Spring中，既可以實現 InitializingBean和DisposableBean介面或在bean配置檔中指定 init-method 和 destroy-method 在初始化和銷毀回調函數。在這篇文章中，我們將介紹如何使用 @PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy 注解來做同樣的事情。
注：@PostConstruct和@PreDestroy 標注不屬於 Spring，它是在J2EE庫- common-annotations.jar。
@PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy
一個 CustomerService Bean使用 @PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy 注釋
package com.zaixian.customer.services;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
public class CustomerService
{
String message;
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
@PostConstruct
public void initIt() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Init method after properties are set : " + message);
}
@PreDestroy
public void cleanUp() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Spring Container is destroy! Customer clean up");
}
}
默認情況下，Spring不會意識到@PostConstruct和@PreDestroy注解。要啟用它，要麼註冊“CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor”，要麼在bean配置檔的<context:annotation-config />‘ 指定，
1. CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <bean class="org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" /> <bean id="customerService" class="com.zaixian.customer.services.CustomerService"> <property name="message" value="i'm property message" /> </bean> </beans>
2. <context:annotation-config />
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <bean id="customerService" class="com.zaixian.customer.services.CustomerService"> <property name="message" value="i'm property message" /> </bean> </beans>
執行結果
package com.xuhuhu.common;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.zaixian.customer.services.CustomerService;
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ConfigurableApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"Spring-Customer.xml"});
CustomerService cust = (CustomerService)context.getBean("customerService");
System.out.println(cust);
context.close();
}
}
輸出結果
Init method after properties are set : im property message com.zaixian.customer.services.CustomerService@47393f ... INFO: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory. support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@77158a: defining beans [customerService]; root of factory hierarchy Spring Container is destroy! Customer clean up
initIt()方法(@PostConstruct)被調用時，消息屬性設置後 cleanUp() 方法(@PreDestroy)是在context.close()執行後被調用;
下載源代碼 – http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qX2W6xI